Exploring humanoids, nanobots, xenobots, biological robots, and anti-robots — the frontier where AI meets genetics, medicine, and living programmable systems.
Where AI, Biology, and Living Systems Converge
Before biological robotics became mainstream, an early idea emerged: AI alone is incomplete — true adaptability and intelligence appear when AI is combined with biology and living systems.
Reference video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PrVHGdI6jcQ
Origin: African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). Developed by research teams at the University of Vermont, Tufts University and the Harvard Wyss Institute.
Xenobots are living robots assembled from frog skin and heart cells, designed by AI algorithms. They are not genetically modified but biologically re-configured.
Applications: targeted drug delivery, cancer detection, microplastic cleanup, tissue regeneration.
Biobots are hybrid machines built from engineered muscle tissue, collagen or synthetic scaffolds and 3D-printed biological frameworks. Research groups at Northwestern, MIT and other labs advanced these systems.
Applications: micro-surgery, wound healing assistance, immune modulation, delivery of genetic therapies.
These systems use living neurons (cortical organoids or neural cultures) connected to electronic interfaces. They can learn from experience, adapt behaviour, and process information biologically, bridging AI and neuroscience.
Biological robots offer capabilities traditional machines cannot: self-repair, biodegradability, energy efficiency, cellular-level precision, and natural interaction with living systems. They are especially promising for medicine, longevity research and regenerative therapies.